The use of electric-assist bicycles (“e-bikes”) has grown rapidly over the last 5 years. Modern e-bikes often look indistinguishable from a “regular” bike but have robust batteries and technology which are capable of sensing when a rider needs a helping hand over a hill, into a headwind, or accelerating from a stop. While e-bikes have existed for years, recent advances in technology have allowed batteries to become smaller, lighter, cheaper, and longer range, enhancing the usefulness, appeal, and affordability of these machines. E-bikes appeal to many types of people but particularly for those who use them as a tool to overcome limited physical fitness, for people running everyday errands who want to carry heavier loads, and for parents transporting children. 

Current E-Bike Laws in Massachusetts

As of August 10, 2022, the e-bike definition language was signed into law as amendments to the Transportation Bond Bill (H.5151) to include Class 1 and Class 2 definitions for e-bikes. This law went into effect 90 days from signing, on November 8, 2022.

CLASS 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph, with an electric motor of 750 watts or less.
CLASS 2: Bicycle equipped with a throttle-actuated motor that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph, with an electric motor of 750 watts or less.

Note: MassBike will continue to advocate for a Class 3 definition in order to match MA law with federal definitions and statewide regulations set by the Department of Conservation of Recreation.

E-Bikes in Massachusetts Info Sheet

Regulations

E-bike riders are afforded all the rights and privileges related to all bicycle riders, except that e-bikes are not allowed to be ridden on sidewalks.

Class 1 and Class 2 electric bicycles are not considered to be "motorized bicycles" as further defined in MA law, as such no license is required to ride them and they're allowed on bikeways and bike paths. However a local jurisdiction may regulate and prohibit their use on bikeways/bike paths, but only after a public notice and public hearing.

E-bikes are not allowed on "natural surface" trails (ie. mountain bike trails) unless otherwise permitted by a local jurisdiction.

For further details on these regulations, this please review Section 11 B3/4 for the duties and privileges of electric bicycles. 

Want to read more about e-bikes? Click here for our in depth FAQ.

Massachusetts E-Bike Voucher Program

The Massachusetts Clean Energy Center (MassCEC) has officially launched a statewide e-bike voucher program to partially offset the cost of e-bikes for low- and moderate-income residents. 

The program will accept applications over a designated 14-day period which will repeat in phases. Those interested in the program should visit the MassCEC website to learn more and apply. 

Learn more about the benefits of e-bikes on MassCEC’s Electric Bicycles page.